Теплофізична модель процесу прес-екструзії олійних культур

Abstract

UA: У статті представлено результати аналізу теплофізичної моделі п’ятизонного прес-екструдера маслянистих культур, визначені керуючі збурення адаптивної системи управління для досягнення цим агрегатом максимально можливого значення кількості корисного продукту – рослинної олії, підготовлено теоретичну основу для розробки алгоритму функціонування системи управління згаданим агрегатом, намічені перспективи подальших досліджень. /// EN: Oilseed press extruders, designed to squeeze oil-containing raw materials and obtain a useful product in the form of vegetable oils, are prominent representatives of the class of multi-zone continuous-flow units. Obtaining the maximum possible amount of vegetable oil at the output is a priority technical and economic task for these units. The article presents the results of the analysis of recent studies on solving the problem of increasing the amount of vegetable oil in press extruders. The disadvantages of using an adaptive control system are indicated. The results of the analysis of the thermophysical model of a five-zone press extruder for oilseed crops are presented, and the control perturbations of the adaptive control system are determined to achieve the maximum possible amount of useful product – vegetable oil – by this unit. A graphical representation of the dependence of the amount of useful product on the power of internal heat release is presented at different values of coefficients reflecting the properties of the raw material (oil content, humidity, contamination, dispersion, variety, type (sunflower seeds, soybeans, rapeseed, cotton, etc.), individual characteristics of the equipment and operating conditions. The conducted studies have shown that by selecting the control influences, it is possible to achieve the maximum value at different values. Variation in practice is achieved by narrowing or widening the outlet openings of the seer zones using an appropriate drive. A theoretical basis for the development of an algorithm for the functioning of the control system of the mentioned unit is prepared, and prospects for further research are outlined.