Аналіз перспектив функціонування біоенергетичного потенціалу в системах енергопостачання України на основі аналізу енергетичного балансу

Abstract

UA: В роботі запропоновано в якості високоманеврових акумуляторів об’єднаної енергетичної системи України використовувати біогазові установки. Показники енергетичної ефективності запропонованих заходів виконано на основі аналізу енергетичних балансів, які побудовані шляхом обробки середньостатистичних обсягів енергетичних втрат та витрат у біогазових установках. Баланси в даному випадку є основою для визначення технічних та економічних рішень, обґрунтування конкурентоспроможності запропонованої системи енергопостачання. Відповідний підхід пропонується використовувати на етапах формалізації технічного завдання, що дозволяє обґрунтувати рішення щодо побудови чи вдосконалення запропонованої системи енергопостачання. EN: The intensive growth of the share of energy from renewable sources in the unified energy system of Ukraine necessitates the introduction of highly maneuverable batteries to balance their variable power. But storage batteries significantly increase the total cost of the power system, which makes it difficult for consumers to make decisions about their construction. Factors encouraging the use of renewable energy sources: energy independence, reliability, ownership of the source, high cost of energy from a centralized system and its constant increase in price. In the paper, it is proposed to use biogas plants as highly maneuverable accumulators. The decisive factor before making a decision can be the forecasted information regarding the justification and research of energy-efficient indicators of the proposed energy supply system using biogas plants in comparison with the existing centralized one. The study of energy efficiency indicators was performed on the basis of the analysis of energy balances, which are built on the basis of the processing of average statistical indicators of energy losses and costs in biogas plants. Since biogas plants are capable of producing several types of energy (electrical, thermal, mechanical and other types), it is advisable to take into account both the share and the total amount of different types of energy when creating the system. Balances in this case are the basis for determining technical and economic solutions, substantiating the competitiveness of the proposed energy supply system. It is proposed to use the proposed approach at the stages of formalization of the technical task, which will allow to justify the decision regarding the construction or improvement of the existing energy supply system. The proposed form of recording block systems of the energy balance level allows making a decision on the selection or creation of the most rational systems of energy supply to consumers of the agro-industrial complex. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that 73% of the energy resources of the biogas plant are concentrated in biomass. The use of a biogas plant as batteries for other renewable energy sources as part of the unified energy system of Ukraine will increase its stability, especially during the military aggression of the Russian Federation, and will increase the yield of commercial biogas by up to 5 times.