Управління інноваційною діяльністю сільськогосподарських підприємств

Abstract

UA: У дисертації розкрито суть понять поняття «інновація» та «інноваційна діяльність». Запропоновано методику: оцінки інноваційної діяльності; рівня інновацій за типом розвитку соціально-економічних систем; визначення синергетичного ефекту від одночасного впровадження всіх видів інноваційної діяльності. Удосконалено класифікацію наукових підходів до формування інноваційної моделі розвитку підприємств. Обґрунтовано методичний підхід до проектування системи управління інноваційною діяльністю сільськогосподарських підприємств. Розроблено методичні підходи щодо оцінки рівнів інноваційності складових інноваційної діяльності підприємств. EN: To orient and strengthen the potential of enterprises as new balanced structural system integrity, in the context of the system the methodological approach improved the concept of "innovation" which is considered as systemically-qualitative, dynamically developing innovative process, irected for development (or attraction for the dissemination of innovations) and implementation the results of intellectual work to strengthen the capacity of enterprises as a new balanced structural system integrity, provision the production of a new product (product) and the provision of a qualitatively new service at satisfaction of needs of environmental subjects, increase the competitiveness of enterprises as entities of proposals. It is proved that innovation activity should cover all in the system components of life of the enterprise: technical, technological, biological, organizational, marketing, information, processes, staffing, managerial, communication, motivational, structural, intellectual, etc. Only with this approach is it possible to ensure the effect of innovation enterprises as systems in the organic unity of environmental, social and economic requirements. To determine the peculiarities of management of innovation activity agricultural enterprises improved the concept of "innovative activity", under which we understand the dynamically developing system-changing the process is aimed at an innovative balanced system change of parameters the potential of enterprises at the entrance, in process and output as the basis of creation the final quality product or the provision of services to actors of interest at meeting their needs with respect to environmental, ensuring economic security of competitiveness and economic benefits. On the basis of theoretical studies, we have identified the principles innovation activity, namely: target orientation, systemicity, hierarchy, complexity, synergy, flexibility and adaptability, profitability, continuity, harmonization, sociologization and ecologization, organizational interaction, dynamism. According to the results of the study, the results were found to be effective the activities of agricultural enterprises must be carried out with taking into account the specifics of their development, which are allocated by us in 3 groups on the basis technical and technological modernization, structural-rock optimization, marketing, information, organizational component and developed by us activation system, aimed at production organically clean products, satisfying the needs of the subjects of interest in the elected strategic zones of management. The emphasis is on strengthening the role state agrarian and investment policy aimed at activation innovations in the competitive development of the agrarian sector of the economy. The offered methodology: estimation of innovative activity; level of innovation the type of development of socio-economic systems; definition of synergy the effect of the simultaneous implementation of all types of innovation activities. The classification of scientific approaches to formation has been improved innovative model of agricultural enterprises as a system integrity and includes: conceptual, integrated, marketing, functional, strategic, innovative, activating, motivational, systemic, integration, synergetic components that are in their organic unity must ensure the development and quality of life, competitiveness and sustainable development of enterprises. The methodical approach to the design of the control system is substantiated innovative activity of agricultural enterprises, which encompasses in system of dual interaction of subjects of activity by types of their reaction and behavior. To make informed decisions about strategic development multifactor model is constructed and the influence of partial is revealed indicators for the integral indicator of the level of innovation activity. By the results of the study found that the greatest impact on the resultant have a sign, innovations in export interactions, information, management, biological and organizational innovations. Coefficient of multiple correlation characterizes the high tightness of communication. When forming methods of diagnostics and evaluation of innovation activity enterprises of the agrarian sector of the economy should take into account the specifics. That's why the basis of the diagnostic and evaluation techniques we propose to include the following factors like: type of innovation development, type of social development and development national policy in their organic unity. The classification of innovations according to the type of development of socio- economic systems that encompasses social, environmental, organizational, intellectual biological, economic, managerial, functional- providing, informational, communication, export-oriented, leadership, anti-crisis, entrepreneurial, value orientation aspects. This classification is the basis for the disclosure the specifics of their main content at the level of economic structures and clarification policy at the state level. Methodical approaches to assessing the levels of innovation are developed components of innovation activity of enterprises. These methodological approaches are in their own system integrity is the basis for the diagnostic process and justification of the options of innovation in the formation of a productive one systems of management of innovative activity of enterprises in their strategic development.