Державна підтримка розвитку сільськогосподарських підприємств України

Abstract

UK: Обґрунтовано необхідність державної підтримки сільського господарства для забезпечення продовольчої безпеки країни. Проведено оцінку ролі держави в регулюванні сільськогосподарського і продовольчого ринків провідних країн світу. Розглянуто особливості фінансування аграрної галузі за рахунок бюджетних коштів та охарактеризовані основні програми підтримки розвитку сільського господарства України. Проведено аналіз ступеня реального фінансування основних програм підтримки розвитку АПК та визначено основні напрямки державної підтримки на перспективу. EN: The author notes that the need for state support for agriculture is due to a number of factors, among which we should highlight, first of all, the high dependence on climatic conditions and seasonality of production. The most compelling argument for producers is the profitability of doing business, while the production of some types of agricultural products is unprofitable or unprofitable. In this case, the regulatory function should be performed by the state, which is interested in ensuring food security in the production of certain types of agricultural products. World experience in agricultural development shows the growing role of the state in regulating the agricultural and food markets. The amount of state support in some countries can reach 70% of the cost of agricultural products. In Ukraine in 2020 for the development of agriculture, UAH 4 billion is provided. budget funds in the following areas: state support for livestock development and processing of agricultural products, financial support for farm development, partial compensation for the cost of agricultural machinery and equipment of domestic production, financial support for measures in the agroindustrial complex by reducing loans, financial support for horticulture, viticulture and hop growing providing additional financial support to family farms through the mechanism of additional payment in favor of insured persons - members / head of the family farm of a single contribution to the obligatory state social insurance. In the future, they will be supplemented by programs for the development of industrial potato growing, support for the production of niche crops. In addition, the program of cheaper loans to farmers offers new areas - insurance of agricultural products and compensation for the purchase of agricultural land. Support for farmers is complemented by the direction of organic production, and support for livestock development is also expanding.