Попит і пропозиція в інноваційній системі агропромислового виробництва

Abstract

UK: В статті розглядається сучасний рівень попиту і пропозиції в інноваційній системі агроп-ромислового виробництва України. Визначено суб’єкти та об’єкти попиту і пропозиції аграрних інновацій. Надано характеристику особливостям та проблемам формування попиту і пропозиції на аграрні інновації. Запропоновано шляхи активізації вітчизняної інноваційної діяльності. EN: Statement of the task. The necessary condition and basis of innovative system are demand, supply and innova-tion. The efficiency of innovative system functioning depends on their development level. Therefore, the study of today level of supply and demand in innovative system of agroindustrial production is getting more actual. Results of research. In Ukraine agrarian innovations are mostly developed by scientific-research institutions of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine and agrarian higher educational establishments which offer inven-tions, useful models, industrial samples, scientific works, new products and technologies created in the result of scien-tific researches. Innovative activity in agriculture has slowed down significantly which is the consequence of worsening the conditions of research state financing. Unlike academic institutions higher educational establishments have worse possibilities concerning the production of experimental samples or introduction of them into industrial manufacturing. Agrarian science is separated form industrial manufacturing and weakly commercialized. During 2011-2015 foreign enterprises have been active in applying for inventions and useful models which ensure their leading positions in Ukrainian market. Country’s agrarian companies have limited financing for solving scientific-technological problems. Among innovation financing sources there are mostly enterprises’ own funds and only some companies use credits. Conclusions. The obstacles to innovative activity implementation are limited financing, big losses of scientific-innovative potential staff, not sufficient integration of country enterprises and scientific institutions into the world eco-nomic processes. The efficient tool for development of supply and demand for country agrarian innovations is preferen-tial tax treatment of enterprises which cooperate with country scientific institutions and higher educational establish-ments and introduce the results of their scientific-research works into the production.